Logan Reed
Vaccinations for travel to India vary depending on the traveller's age, immunization history, existing medical conditions, duration of stay, and legal requirements for entry into the country. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all international travellers be up to date with routine vaccinations, and suggests vaccinations against typhoid, cholera, hepatitis A, polio, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, rabies, hepatitis B, influenza, COVID-19, pneumonia, meningitis, chickenpox, shingles, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis), and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). While some of these vaccines are available for free on the NHS, others will need to be paid for privately.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Vaccines required for India | Typhoid, cholera, hepatitis A, polio, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, rabies, hepatitis B, influenza, COVID-19, pneumonia, meningitis, chickenpox, shingles, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis), measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) |
| Vaccines availability on NHS | MMR, hepatitis B, flu vaccine, tuberculosis (TB), cholera, diphtheria, polio, tetanus |
| Vaccines not available on NHS | Yellow fever |
| Vaccines to pay for | Yellow fever, dengue |
| Diseases in India | Malaria, measles, altitude sickness, air pollution, ringworm, cholera, typhoid fever |
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What You'll Learn
Cost of COVID-19 vaccines for uninsured people
The cost of COVID-19 vaccines for uninsured people varies depending on several factors, including the country, age, and availability of alternative options.
In the United States, the COVID-19 public health emergency has ended, and with it, the widespread programs that offered free vaccines for uninsured and underinsured individuals. As a result, uninsured adults seeking a COVID-19 vaccine may have to pay for the shot, with costs typically exceeding $200, in addition to potential administration fees. However, there are still ways for uninsured individuals to access free or discounted vaccines. Local health departments and certain health centers may offer free COVID-19 vaccines. Additionally, online resources such as vaccines.gov can help individuals find and make appointments for COVID-19 vaccines or boosters, providing information on costs and potential discounts.
In India, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDAI) has mandated that all general and health insurance companies include coronavirus coverage in their existing health indemnity plans. This means that COVID-19-related hospitalisation expenses are covered by standard health indemnity insurance policies. While insurance providers have designed customized plans to address COVID-related complications, it is important to check with your insurance provider, as some insurers cover vaccination costs only under certain conditions.
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Vaccination costs for children
Vaccinations for children in India are provided by the Indian central government at no cost to the consumer. However, this is only for vaccines included in the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), which is among the largest childhood vaccination programmes in the world, with a target population of approximately 26 million children each year.
The UIP budget for 2018 was $1.17 billion (2020 US$), and the estimated national cost of providing basic vaccinations was $784.91 million (2020 US$). These basic vaccinations include one dose each of Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) and measles vaccines, and three doses each of oral polio (OPV) and diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccines.
Despite the UIP, large gaps in vaccination coverage persist, with full immunization coverage estimated at 65% in 2019 for 12- to 23-month-old children. To address this, the Government of India has launched initiatives like Mission Indradhanush, aiming to provide free and complete immunization to all children in India.
For vaccinations not included in the UIP, parents may have to pay out of pocket, particularly at private hospitals and clinics, which offer a wider range of vaccines at a higher cost. The cost of these vaccinations can vary depending on various factors, and it is advisable to consult with a local healthcare provider to get the most accurate and up-to-date information on vaccine prices.
- Rs. 1150 for dT vaccination for 10-year-olds, providing immunity against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough).
- Rs. 1,500 for typhoid fever vaccination for 15-year-olds.
- ₹2,000 per dose for the HPV vaccine, which helps prevent HPV-related cancers and infections.
- Rs.700 to Rs.1300 per dose for the influenza vaccine, with some variations in price depending on the brand and variant.
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Dog vaccination expenses
Dog vaccinations are crucial for protecting your pet against deadly diseases and safeguarding public health. In India, where diseases such as rabies continue to be a public health problem, vaccinating your dog is much more than a preference. India accounts for 60% of global rabies deaths, and the disease can be transmitted to humans through dog bites. Therefore, the rabies vaccine is mandatory for all dogs in India and is administered annually. The approximate cost of the rabies vaccine is around 350-600 Indian rupees per dose.
Another important vaccine for dogs in India is the parvovirus vaccine, which helps prevent life-threatening illnesses. Parvovirus is a highly contagious virus that mainly affects puppies but can also impact unvaccinated adult dogs. The approximate cost of the parvovirus vaccine is 800 Indian rupees per dose.
Additionally, there are core and non-core vaccines for dogs in India. Core vaccines are vital for all dogs as they protect against widespread and severe diseases. The 9-in-1 vaccine, for example, costs around 700-1000 Indian rupees and covers canine distemper, adenovirus, leptospirosis, and other strains. Non-core vaccines, such as kennel cough and canine coronavirus, are recommended based on the dog's lifestyle risks and can cost up to 1000 Indian rupees.
Puppies should begin their vaccinations at 6-8 weeks of age, followed by boosters at 12-14 weeks and annually. It is important to deworm your puppy before vaccinating and monitor for any mild side effects. The total cost for full puppy vaccination can range from 2,500 to 4,500 Indian rupees.
Overall, the cost of dog vaccinations in India can vary depending on the area, hospital, services, and dosage. However, vaccinating your dog is a crucial investment in their health and well-being, as well as the protection of the community.
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Free vaccines for low-income adults
India has been facing challenges in its fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, including vaccine hesitancy. To address this issue, the Indian government has implemented a massive vaccination drive to protect its citizens. The Serum Institute of India (SII) has developed a vaccine, Covishield, in collaboration with AstraZeneca and Oxford University. This vaccine is expected to be priced at around ₹600 per dose, but the government aims to provide it free of charge to those who cannot afford it.
Adar Poonawalla, CEO of SII, raised concerns about the financial burden on the government, questioning whether they would have ₹80,000 crore to buy and distribute the vaccine to everyone in India. However, a spokesperson from SII suggested that the price per dose could be lower, around $2-$3, and that those in the national immunisation programme and those who cannot pay will receive the vaccine for free.
The Health Minister has stated that the COVID-19 vaccine will be available by early 2021, and healthcare workers are likely to be the first recipients. The SII has committed to producing about 100 million doses for India and 92 other low-income countries, with funding support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
While the vaccine is expected to be free for low-income adults, there is no clear indication of the income threshold that will determine eligibility for free vaccination. The Indian government and SII are working to address the challenges and ensure that the vaccine is accessible to those who need it.
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Cost of vaccination in India
India's Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is one of the world's largest routine childhood vaccination programmes. It was launched in 1985 with the goal of vaccinating all pregnant women and 85% of infants against six vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) by 1990. The programme was expanded between 2011 and 2017 to include additional vaccines.
The UIP provides essential vaccines completely free of charge at government hospitals and health centres. These include:
- BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) – protects against tuberculosis
- Hepatitis B vaccine (first dose) – essential for preventing hepatitis B infection
- Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) – critical for preventing poliomyelitis
- Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DTP) – protects against three significant bacterial infections
- Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) – important for preventing severe bacterial infections
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – prevents these three diseases
However, there are optional vaccines that are not covered by the UIP, which parents must pay for. These include:
- Hepatitis-A
- Chickenpox
- Flu shots
- Typhoid
The cost of these optional vaccines varies depending on the hospital and city, with prices in metro cities like Mumbai, Delhi, and Bangalore being 20-30% higher than listed prices. Private hospitals charge approximately ₹1,000 to ₹2,000 for the complete newborn vaccination package. The MMR vaccine in private hospitals typically ranges from ₹900 to ₹1,500. Optional vaccines can cost anywhere from ₹1,000 to ₹3,000 each in private hospitals.
For cervical cancer vaccines, prices range from as low as ₹2,000 per dose to over ₹10,000 per dose, depending on the brand. For instance, Gardasil 9, a widely used HPV vaccine, costs around ₹9,000-10,850 per dose, while Cervavac, India's first indigenous HPV vaccine, is priced at approximately ₹2,000 to 4,000 per dose. Government programs also provide free or subsidised vaccinations for eligible adolescents.
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Frequently asked questions
COVID-19 vaccinations in India are provided free of charge through state health department immunization programs for eligible individuals. However, booster shots are only available at private health facilities and are paid for by the recipient.
Vaccines for children in India are typically covered by health insurance plans. The CDC's Vaccines for Children (VFC) program also provides vaccines at no cost to eligible children through enrolled healthcare providers.
Yes, pet owners are generally responsible for the cost of their pet's vaccinations in India. The cost of dog vaccinations can vary, and some government initiatives or animal welfare organizations may offer subsidies. It is important to consult your veterinarian for personalized advice and to stay informed about vaccination requirements for your pet's specific breed and lifestyle.
