Trevor James
Indonesia has several health risks that travellers should be aware of. While some of these can be prevented with vaccines, others cannot. It is recommended that travellers consult a healthcare professional for advice on which vaccines and medications they may need. Travellers to Indonesia are advised to ensure that their routine vaccinations are up to date, including measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), polio, and COVID-19. Additionally, there are risks of mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and Zika virus, for which there is currently no vaccine. Other health risks in Indonesia include rabies, Legionnaires' disease, and food and water-borne illnesses. Travellers should also be aware of the entry requirements, which include having a valid passport, visa, and proof of vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Required vaccinations | Polio, MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella), COVID-19 |
| Recommended vaccinations | Malaria, Rabies, Hepatitis B, Influenza, Pneumonia, Meningitis, Chickenpox, Shingles, Japanese Encephalitis, Chikungunya |
| Other recommended precautions | Consult a doctor before travelling, Travel insurance, Avoid bug bites, Avoid contaminated food and water |
| Visa requirements | Valid passport with minimum 6 months validity, Visa on Arrival (VOA) or e-Visa on Arrival (e-VOA) |
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What You'll Learn
- Polio, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccinations are recommended
- Rabies vaccination is recommended, especially if you may come into contact with animals
- Malaria is a risk in some parts of Indonesia; take antimalarials
- Japanese encephalitis is present in Indonesia, especially in rural areas
- A valid passport and visa are required to enter Indonesia
Polio, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccinations are recommended
While there are no mandatory vaccinations to enter Indonesia, the CDC and WHO recommend that travellers ensure their polio vaccination is up-to-date. At least one case of polio was reported in Indonesia in the last year, and there may be unreported cases in other provinces. Adults who have previously received a full set of polio vaccinations may need a single, lifetime booster dose.
In addition, the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is strongly recommended for all travellers. Measles, mumps, and rubella are viral infections that can spread through close contact and respiratory droplets. The MMR vaccine, given in two doses, strengthens immunity and reduces the risk of contracting and spreading these diseases. Periodic outbreaks of measles continue to be reported in Indonesia, including in Bali.
Rabies is also present in Indonesia, including at tourist destinations, and is transmitted by dogs, cats, and monkeys. The rabies vaccine is recommended for long-term travellers and those who may come into contact with animals. However, it is important to note that rabies treatment may be limited in Indonesia, and travellers may need to return to their home country for immediate treatment if bitten.
Other recommended vaccinations for Indonesia include those for hepatitis B, influenza, chickenpox, meningitis, and pneumonia. Malaria is also a risk in some parts of Indonesia, particularly in rural areas, so travellers should consult their doctor and fill their malaria prescription before departing. Finally, travellers should be aware that many diseases in Indonesia, such as Japanese encephalitis, are spread by mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas, so taking steps to prevent bug bites is essential.
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Rabies vaccination is recommended, especially if you may come into contact with animals
Rabies is a serious and deadly disease in Indonesia that is transmitted by the saliva of infected animals, especially dogs, cats, bats, and monkeys. The risk of contracting rabies is higher for those who plan to spend extended periods in the country, those who will be trekking, cycling, or running, and those who will be in close contact with animals or bats.
Rabies vaccination is highly recommended, especially if you may come into contact with animals. This is because rabies is spread through the saliva of infected animals, usually through bites, scratches, or licks on broken skin. If you are bitten or scratched by any animal, seek immediate medical advice, even if you received a pre-travel rabies vaccine.
To protect yourself from rabies, avoid touching or feeding unfamiliar animals. Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not come into contact with animal saliva through your eyes or mouth. Be extra cautious around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes, as these animals are more likely to transmit rabies.
In addition to rabies, there are other health risks in Indonesia that you should be aware of. These include mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever, chikungunya, and malaria, as well as waterborne illnesses like schistosomiasis. To protect yourself, take measures to prevent mosquito bites, avoid swimming in fresh, unchlorinated water, and follow food and water safety guidelines.
It is also recommended that you visit a doctor at least a month before your trip to get the necessary vaccines and medications. Some recommended vaccines for Indonesia include polio, MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), hepatitis B, influenza, COVID-19, and pneumonia.
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Malaria is a risk in some parts of Indonesia; take antimalarials
Indonesia has specific entry and exit requirements that travellers must adhere to. A passport valid for at least six months is required to enter the country, and a visa is also necessary for entry. It is recommended that travellers consult official government sources for the most up-to-date and accurate information regarding visa and entry requirements.
Regarding vaccinations, there are several recommended vaccinations for travellers to Indonesia. The CDC and WHO advise travellers to ensure that their polio vaccination is up-to-date, and adults may require a booster dose. The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is also recommended for all international travellers, as measles cases are rising globally, and periodic outbreaks of measles have been reported in Indonesia, including in Bali. Other recommended vaccinations include those for influenza, pneumonia (for those over 65 or immunocompromised), meningitis, chickenpox (for those unvaccinated and who have not had chickenpox), and shingles.
Additionally, travellers should be aware of the risk of mosquito-borne diseases in Indonesia, such as malaria, chikungunya, and dengue fever. Malaria is a risk in some parts of Indonesia, especially in rural, remote, and forested regions. The risk is higher during the rainy season, which runs from November to March, due to the increased mosquito population. Areas with widespread malaria transmission include all regions of eastern Indonesia, including Labuan Bajo and Komodo. Java, where approximately 150 million people reside, is also at risk due to the frequent movement of people to and from the outer islands.
To protect yourself from malaria, it is recommended to take antimalarial medication. Consult a healthcare professional or travel doctor to determine the most suitable antimalarial for your needs. It is important to fill your prescription before travelling and ensure you have enough medication for the entire trip. Additionally, take measures to prevent mosquito bites, such as wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, hats, and socks, using insect repellent containing DEET, and staying in accommodations with air conditioning and screened windows or sleeping under a mosquito net.
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Japanese encephalitis is present in Indonesia, especially in rural areas
There are no mandatory vaccinations to enter Indonesia. However, it is recommended that travellers ensure their polio vaccinations are up-to-date, and that they are vaccinated against measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). Other recommended vaccinations include rabies, hepatitis B, and influenza.
Indonesia is a tropical country with a high risk of mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria and dengue fever. Japanese encephalitis (JE) is also present in Indonesia, especially in rural agricultural areas. The virus has been detected in 29 out of 34 provinces, with Bali, West Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, West Java, and East Java being the areas of highest incidence. The JE virus has been isolated from 10 mosquito species, with Culex tritaeniorhynchus being the main vector. Sporadic research and surveillance studies have shown that JE continues to circulate in various urban, suburban, and rural regions of the Indonesian archipelago.
The Indonesian government has developed a national vaccination program against Japanese encephalitis, but it is not mandatory for travellers. JE transmission is primarily found in rural areas, and human cases occur mostly outside of urban centres. The risk of JE infection should be carefully assessed, as it can vary within areas and from year to year.
To reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases in Indonesia, it is recommended to take steps to prevent bug bites. This includes wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats to cover exposed skin. Using insect repellent and permethrin-treated clothing and gear can also help reduce the risk of mosquito bites. Staying in air-conditioned or screened rooms and using bed nets can provide additional protection.
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A valid passport and visa are required to enter Indonesia
To enter Indonesia, you must have a valid passport and visa. Your passport must have an 'expiry date' that is at least six months after the date of your arrival in Indonesia and have at least two blank pages. If your passport is damaged, you may be refused entry. Water damage, minor tears or rips to the pages can be considered damage. It is also important to note that you must exit Indonesia with the same passport you entered with. If your passport is replaced, you must obtain a "special pass" (exit permit) from Immigration for your new passport before departing.
In terms of visas, there are different requirements depending on your country of origin and the purpose of your visit. Citizens of 92 countries can obtain an e-VOA (electronic visa on arrival) or a visa on arrival, which costs 500,000 Indonesian rupiah and is valid for a maximum stay of 30 days. This visa can be extended once inside Indonesia for another 30 days at designated offices for an extra 500,000 rupiah. However, it is important to note that the visa on arrival is not suitable for all business purposes. You should confirm the appropriate visa for your visit on the Indonesian immigration website. Most of the main airports and ports issue VOAs, but you can also apply for a visa in advance on the Indonesian immigration website.
Additionally, citizens of certain countries are eligible for visa-free entry for short-term visits or business trips. For example, in 2015, Indonesia announced that citizens of 30 countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and several European countries, would be able to enter without a visa. In 2016, this list was further expanded to include 78 countries. However, citizens of Cameroon, Guinea, Montenegro, North Korea, Pakistan, and Somalia are among those who still require a visa prior to visiting Indonesia. It is recommended to check the latest visa exemption lists and requirements on the Indonesian immigration website or with your country's embassy.
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Frequently asked questions
While there is no clear indication that you need to be vaccinated to enter Indonesia, it is recommended that you take certain vaccines before travelling to the country. These include vaccines for polio, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), rabies, hepatitis B, and influenza.
Malaria is a risk in some parts of Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Mosquitoes in Indonesia can also spread diseases like Japanese encephalitis and Zika virus, for which there are no vaccines. It is recommended to take steps to prevent mosquito bites.
Yes, you must have a passport that is valid for at least six months after your arrival date and has at least two blank pages. You will also need to obtain a visa before entering the country.
Indonesia has strict standards for damaged passports, so ensure your passport is in good condition. Also, be cautious when using taxis as foreign travellers have been victims of armed robbery by taxi drivers or passengers. It is recommended to pre-arrange transportation with a reliable taxi company.
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